What is a procedure?
A procedure is a named group of code that has paramaters and return values. Procedures are known as methods or functions depending on the language.
A procedure executes the statements within it on the parameters to provide a return value.
What are parameters?
Paramaters are input values of a procedure that are specified by arguments.Arguments specify the values of the parameters when a procedure is called.
By creating theses algorithms the readibility of code increases and the complexity decreases. This is becasue a function’s name can tell the reader what action it will perform, and by calling it, the code becomes more clean and easy to understand.
Procedures are used to create algorthims that can perform certain actions or return values. When a procedure returns a value, theis information must be stored in a variable for later use. However some procedures like the MOVE_FORWARD() perform an action, and don’t return a value. The image above provides an example of where procedures that don’t output a value would be used.
A 60$ item recieves a 20% discount and taxed at 8%.
PROCEDURE applyDiscount(cost, percentDiscounted)
{
temp ← 100 - percentDiscounted
temp← temp/ 100
cost ← cost *temp
RETURN(cost)
}
price ← applyDiscount(60, 20)
This is how we get the final price with the discount by calling the procedure and assigning it to the price variable.
PROCEDURE applyTax(cost, percentTaxed)
{
temp ← 100 + percentTaxed
temp← temp/ 100
cost ← cost *temp
RETURN(cost)
}
price ← applyTax(price, 8)
This applys the 8% tax to the price determined after the discount.
Given the applyTax procedure above: How would you call the procedure to get it to find the price using cost = 50, and percentTaxed = 10, and what value will it return?
#code here
cost = 50
percentTaxed = 10
def applyTax (cost, percentTaxed):
temp = (1-(percentTaxed/100)) * cost
cost = temp
print (applyTax(50,10))
None
# Defining Functions
#
# def function_name(parameter1, parameter2, etc..):
# code here...
#
# return return_value;
# return the value of parameter1 plus parameter2;
def add(parameter1, parameter2): # creates a function that takes in two parameters
solution = parameter1 + parameter2; # sets solution to the sum of parameter1 and parameter2
return solution; # return solution
print(add(5, 5)); # prints the return value of add(5,5)
# Code here
x = float(input())
y = float(input())
def difference(x,y):
differences = x-y
print(difference(1,5))
None
# Defining Classes
class person:
def __init__(self, name, age, ): # constructor
self.name = name;
self.age = age;
def getName(self): # method to create get name
return self.name;
def getAge(self): # method to create get age
return self.age;
def setName(self, name): # method to create set name
self.name = name;
def setAge(self, age): # method to create set age
self.age = age;
def yearOlder(self): # method to increment age by 1
self.age += 1;
def __str__(self): # method that returns a string when the object is printed
return (f"My name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old.")
Person1 = person("John Doe", 15);
print(Person1)
print(Person1);
class Car:
def __init__(car, model, name, price):
car.model = model
car.name = name
car.price = price
def get_model(car):
return car.model
def get_name(car):
return car.name
def get_price(car):
return car.price
def set_model(car, model):
car.model = model
def set_name(car, name):
car.name = name
def set_price(car, price):
car.price = price
def __str__(car):
return f"The {car.name} was made in {car.model} and costs ${car.price}"
Car1 = Car(2018, "Honda Civic", 13000)
print(Car1)
Car2 = Car(2023, "Toyota Prius", 28000)
print(Car2)
Car3 = Car(2020, "Chevrolet Impala", 22000)
print(Car3)
Create a function that takes in an array as the parameter and returns the array of distinct values. DON’T USE SETS. TEST ARRAY: arr1 = [2,1,3,2,0,2,0,0,4,2,0,0,0,2,0,0,1,2,3,0,7,4,5,2,1,2,3,4,6]
def get_distinct_values(arr):
distinct_arr = []
for element in arr:
if element not in distinct_arr:
distinct_arr.append(element)
return distinct_arr
# Test the function with the provided array
arr1 = [2, 1, 3, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 7, 4, 5, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6]
distinct_values = get_distinct_values(arr1)
print(distinct_values)
File "/tmp/ipykernel_11901/3006418164.py", line 14
numsides = input('How many sides do yoUUUU wnat in YOUUUURRRR shape?!?!!?!: ')
^
IndentationError: expected an indented block after function definition on line 11
class Student:
def __init__(self, email, name, grade):
self.email = email
self.name = name
self.grade = grade
def get_email(self):
return self.email
def get_name(self):
return self.name
def get_grade(self):
return self.grade
def set_email(self, email):
self.email = email
def set_name(self, name):
self.name = name
def set_grade(self, grade):
self.grade = grade
def __str__(self):
return f"My name is {self.name}. My email is {self.email}. My grade is {self.grade}"
# Create an instance of the class corresponding to you
student = Student("cindyl1234stu.powayusd.com", "Cindy", 10)
# Display the student's information
print(student)
Good review for the syntax of classes. I never really understood how classes work since it initially went way over my head, but going over it again was really helpful. Learned a lot about key concepts like procedures and functions.